MIOS
Regimen
- Experimental
- Adjuvant multi-agent chemotherapy (high-dose methotrexate, doxorubicin, bleomycin/cyclophosphamide/dactinomycin, cisplatin)
- Control
- Surgery alone (observation)
Population
Non-metastatic high-grade osteosarcoma of extremity, age 5-40, after definitive surgery
Key finding
Landmark trial proving adjuvant chemotherapy is mandatory in osteosarcoma. Ended the 'historical controls are good enough' era and made surgery-alone unethical. Everything downstream assumes this baseline.
Source: PMID 3520317